一、考情分析

二、高頻考點

重要考點1 冠詞

1.不定冠詞用法：

指一類人或事，相當于a kind of (A plane is a machine that can fly.);表示“每一”相當于every/one;用于人名前，表示不認識此人或與某名人有類似性質(zhì)的人或事;用于quite/rather/many/half/what/such之后;用于so (as, too, how) + 形容詞之后。

注意：a和an的用法區(qū)別，“以元音字母(音節(jié))開頭的用an”。

2.定冠詞用法：

表示某一類人或物(The horse is a useful animal.);用于樂器前面;表示“一家人”或“夫婦”;用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞副詞比較級最高級前。

3.零冠詞用法：

名詞前有this/my/whose/some/no/each/every等限制;季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)假日、一日三餐前;學科、語言、球類、棋類名詞前;與by連用表示交通工具的名詞前。

重要考點2 詞匯辨析

achieve“(憑長期努力)達到(某目標、地位、標準)，完成，成功”，approach“接近”，attain“(通常指經(jīng)過努力)獲得，達到”，acquire“學到，取到”;

award“獎品、獎金”，reward“獎勵、回報、懸賞金”，allowance“津貼、補貼”，prize“獎、獎品、難能可貴的事物”;

at times“有時”，to the minute“恰好，一分不差”，day by day“一天天”，around the clock“晝夜不停地”;

other than“除了……以外，不同于，不(常用于否定結(jié)構(gòu)中)”，rather than“而不是……”，or rather“更確切地說”，or else“否則，要不然”。

重要考點3 動詞時態(tài)與語態(tài)

1.現(xiàn)在進行時表示按計劃安排即將發(fā)生的動作。She is leaving for Beijing.

2.現(xiàn)在進行時代替一般現(xiàn)在時，描繪更加生動。The Yangtze River is flowing into the east.

3.現(xiàn)在完成進行時著重表示動作一直在進行，即動作的延續(xù)性時。

— Hi, Tracy, you look tired.

— I am tired. I have been painting the living room all day.

4.下面主動形式常表示被動意義：

The window wants/needs/requires repairing.

The book is worth reading twice. The door won’t shut.

The play won’t act. The book sells well.

The dish tastes delicious. Water feels very cold.

重要考點4 主謂一致的常見用法

重要考點5 同位語從句

1.一般跟在某些名詞后面，用以說明該名詞表示的具體內(nèi)容

I heard the news that our team had won.

I had no idea that you were here.

2.常見的可以跟同位語從句的詞(抽象名詞)

news, idea, fact, promise, question, doubt, thought, hope, message, suggestion, word (消息), possibility等。如：

I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.

3.常見引導詞

連詞that, whether

連接副詞how, when, where等。(注：if, which不能引導同位語從句。)如：

He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.

有時同位語從句可以不緊跟在說明的名詞后面，而被別的詞隔開。如：

Several years later, word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them.

4.同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別

(1)同位語從句與前面的名詞是同位關(guān)系，解釋說明它前面名詞的內(nèi)容;屬于名詞性從句范疇。定語從句與前面的名詞是修飾與被修飾關(guān)系，限定前面名詞范圍，屬于形容詞性從句范疇。

The news that l have passed the exam is true.

The news that he told me just now is true.

(2)引導同位語從句的that是連詞，在從句中不充當任何成份，而引導定語從句的that是關(guān)系代詞，除了起連接作用外，還在從句中充當主語、賓語或表語等。如：

The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.

The idea that he gave surprises many people.

重要考點6 狀語從句

1.時間狀語從句

常用引導詞：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since, till, until

特殊引導詞：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day, the instant, immediately, directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when

I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.

Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.

2.目的狀語從句

常用引導詞：so that, in order that

特殊引導詞：lest, in case, for fear that, in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that

The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.

The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.

3.讓步狀語從句

常用引導詞：though, although, even if, even though

特殊引導詞：as (用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝), while (一般用在句首), no matter…, in spite of the fact that, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever

Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.

The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.

重要考點7 虛擬語氣

if引導的虛擬條件句的結(jié)構(gòu)

重要考點8 說明型議論文的寫作格式

說明型議論文是將議論和說明結(jié)合在一起進行闡述的一種議論文體，要求就某一問題或現(xiàn)象，正面闡述自己的觀點，并分析說明其理由，通常要用例證對其重要性、必要性、利弊關(guān)系或正誤關(guān)系等進行論證說明，有時還需要提出解決問題的辦法或建議。在寫說明文的時候，一定要注意安排好段落層次，采用一定的邏輯順序，使文章清晰、有條理。在題目中通常以“How to…?”這樣的問題出現(xiàn)。

1.文章布局

第一段 提出個人觀點

第二段 分類介紹，有邏輯有條理地分析

第三段 做出總結(jié)

2.常用結(jié)構(gòu)詞

(1)首先：first and foremost/in the first place/firstly/what comes first should be/first of all

(2)其次：secondly/in addition/moreover/meanwhile/furthermore/in the mean time/what comes next is no less important than/of equal importance

(3)再次：thirdly, fourthly…

(4)最后：at last/last but not least/in the final/ultimately/consequently/……is also worth our attention

(5)一方……另一方面……

for one thing ..., for another...

on one hand ..., on the other hand...

one side of the coin shows…, while the other side implies…

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